Nation

Delaware (Lenape) · delaware · lenape · LENAPE · Lenni-Lenape · Delaware · Grandfathers

Delaware (Lenape)

Not yet reviewed by this nation. What follows comes from public records and research. It does not speak for the nation.

Region
Northeast

In the record

The United States made 20 treaties and agreements that name Delaware (Lenape) as a party, from Treaty with the Delawares (Treaty of Fort Pitt), 1778 to Delaware at Delaware Agency, Kansas (1866).

C. C. Royce’s 1899 schedule records 38 cessions of land from Delaware (Lenape) between 1795 and 1866: about 41 million acres by this atlas’s estimate, counting overlaps once. 25 of them came through treaties made under documented pressure. The largest was Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Indiana and Ohio, ceded 1795 (area 11), about 19 million acres, ceded under Treaty of Greenville, 1795.

The atlas records 2 broken treaty promises involving Delaware (Lenape): Fort Pitt 1778: first U.S.-Indian treaty and the Delaware (Lenape) statehood clause and Greenville 1795 and Fort Wayne 1809: encroachment, then cession under pressure.

Today, Delaware Nation (Oklahoma), Delaware Tribe of Indians and Stockbridge Munsee Community carry this history, as their own pages or research records say.

Written from the records linked here; open any of them for its sources. This is what the United States’ treaty record says, not the nation’s own account.

Treaty or agreementTreaty under documented pressureRemoval treatyNot statedShapes from the 1899 federal record: approximate, not legal boundaries.

The record over time

177818001850190019502000todayTreatiesTreaty with the Delawares (Treaty of Fort Pitt), 1778 (1778)Treaty of Fort McIntosh, 1785 (1785)Treaty of Fort Harmar with the Wyandot and allied nations, 1789 (1789)Treaty of Greenville, 1795 (1795)Treaty of Fort Wayne with the Delaware, Shawnee, Potawatomi, Miami, Eel River, Wea, Kickapoo, Piankashaw, Kaskaskia, 1803 (1803)Delaware at Vincennes, Indiana Territory (1804) (1804)Treaty of Fort Industry, 1805 (1805)Wyandot, Ottawa, Chippewa, Munsee, Delaware, Shawnee, and Potawatomi at Fort Industry on the Miami of the Lake (1805) (1805)Delaware, Potawatomi, Miami, Eel River, and Wea at Grouseland near Vincennes, Indiana (1805) (1805)Treaty of Fort Wayne (1809), Delaware, Potawatomi, Miami, Eel River (1809)Wyandot, Delaware, Shawnee, Seneca, and Miami at Greenville, Ohio (1814) (1814)Treaty of Spring Wells, 1815 (1815)Treaty of the Maumee Rapids (Rapids of the Miami of Lake Erie), 1817 (1817)Delaware at St. Mary's, Ohio (1818) (1818)Delaware at Little Sandusky, Ohio (1829) (1829)Delaware at White River, Missouri (1829) (1829)Shawnee and Delaware at Castor Hill, Missouri (1832) (1832)Delaware at Washington, DC (1854) (1854)Delaware at Sarcoxieville, Delaware Reservation, Kansas Territory (1860) (1860)Delaware at Delaware Agency, Kansas (1866) (1866)Land takenLand of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Indiana and Ohio, ceded 1795 (area 11) (1795)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Ohio, ceded 1795 (area 12) (1795)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Ohio, ceded 1795 (area 13) (1795)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Ohio, ceded 1795 (area 14) (1795)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Ohio, ceded 1795 (area 15) (1795)Land of the Delaware (band on Sandusky river) in Ohio, ceded 1829 (area 150) (1829)Land of the Delaware [supplemental to treaty of Oct. 3, 1818] in Missouri, ceded 1829 (area 150a) (1829)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Indiana, ceded 1795 (area 16) (1795)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Indiana, ceded 1795 (area 17) (1795)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Ohio, ceded 1795 (area 18) (1795)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Ohio, ceded 1795 (area 19) (1795)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Ohio, ceded 1795 (area 20) (1795)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Michigan, ceded 1795 (area 21) (1795)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Michigan, ceded 1795 (area 22) (1795)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Michigan, ceded 1795 (area 23) (1795)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Illinois, ceded 1795 (area 24) (1795)Land kept by the United States in Indiana, 1795 (area 25) (1795)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Illinois and Indiana, ceded 1795 (area 26) (1795)Land of the Delaware and Wyandot in Kansas, ceded 1855 (area 263) (1855)Land kept by the United States in Illinois, 1795 (area 27) (1795)Land of the Delaware in Kansas, ceded 1854 (area 316) (1854)Land of the Delaware in Kansas, ceded 1858 (area 317) (1858)Land of the Delaware in Kansas, ceded 1860 (area 425) (1860)Land of the Delaware in Kansas, recorded 1836 (area 430) (1836)Land of the Delaware, Eel River and others in Illinois, ceded 1803 (area 47) (1803)Land of the Delaware in Kansas, ceded 1866 (area 488) (1866)Land of the Delaware, Miami and others in Indiana, ceded 1804 (area 49) (1804)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Ohio, ceded 1805 (area 53) (1805)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Ohio, ceded 1805 (area 54) (1805)Land of the Delaware, Eel River and others in Indiana, ceded 1805 (area 56) (1805)Land of the Delaware, Eel River Miami and others in Indiana, ceded 1809 (area 71) (1809)Land of the Delaware, Eel River Miami and others in Indiana, ceded 1809 (area 72) (1809)Land of the Delaware, Eel River Miami and others in Illinois and Indiana, ceded 1809 (area 73) (1809)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Indiana and Ohio, ceded 1817 (area 87) (1817)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Michigan and Ohio, ceded 1817 (area 88) (1817)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Michigan, ceded 1817 (area 89) (1817)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Ohio, ceded 1817 (area 90) (1817)Land of the Chippewa, Delaware and others in Ohio, ceded 1817 (area 91) (1817)Promises brokenFort Pitt 1778: first U.S.-Indian treaty and the Delaware (Lenape) statehood clause (1778)Greenville 1795 and Fort Wayne 1809: encroachment, then cession under pressure (1795)

Circles are land the United States recorded as ceded, sized by acres and colored by how it was taken. Bars are treaties, broken promises, court cases and land returns.

Names

Each name shows where it comes from. A nation’s own name is shown as the nation writes it.

Self-names

  • LENAPELenape (Delaware) language; capitalization as on page
  • Lenni-LenapeLenape (Delaware) language

Names in treaties and records

Land recorded as ceded

Delaware (Lenape) About 41 million acres recorded as ceded by the end of 1894
  • Treaty or agreement10 million
  • Treaty under documented pressure29 million
  • Removal treaty2 million
  • Not stated20 thousand

Estimate from Royce’s maps; overlapping cessions counted once. Not a survey or legal measure.

38 cessions. Follow Delaware (Lenape) through the years on the map

Who is doing the work

This history belongs to living nations. Start with them:

Working with these nations

Native legal and land defense, nationally

Gifts go straight to each organization; this atlas takes nothing. Listing is not endorsement: how organizations are listed.

Connections

These links were matched automatically by name or date and have not yet been reviewed by a person.

Land recorded in this nation’s name 38, as named in the 1899 record

Show all 38

Party to 20

Show all 20

Present-day governments that carry this history 3

Named in 2

Includes 1

Sources

  1. delawarenation-nsn.gov/about-us/reference work
    We, the Delaware Nation, whose aboriginal name is Lenape or Lenni-Lenape, also known as the Grandfathers
  2. delawaretribe.org/unclassified
    In our language, which belongs to the Algonquian language family, we call ourselves LENAPE (len-NAH-pay)
  3. okhistory.org/publications/enc/entryunclassified
    Other Woodland tribes called them "the Grandfathers," out of respect for their political role as mediators and peacemakers
Research notes

NARA/Kappler "Delaware"; V001 gives "Delaware (Lenape)". Present-day nations (Delaware Tribe of Indians; Delaware Nation) are named in violations-seed-notes V001 as holding the historical voice; mapping is proposed only.

Kind
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