Nation

Cherokee Nation

Cherokee Nation

Not yet reviewed by this nation. What follows comes from public records and research. It does not speak for the nation.

Official name
Cherokee Nation
Recorded status
Listed by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (91 FR 4102, January 30, 2026)
Region
Oklahoma

In the record

This nation carries the history of Cherokee and Five Tribes (Cherokee; Chickasaw; Choctaw; Muscogee (Creek); Seminole) in the treaty record.

Written from the records linked here; open any of them for its sources. This is what the United States’ treaty record says, not the nation’s own account.

Treaty or agreementTreaty under documented pressureRemoval treatyAct of CongressShapes from the 1899 federal record: approximate, not legal boundaries.

The record over time

178018001850190019502000todayTreatiesTreaty of Hopewell with the Cherokee, 1785 (1785)Treaty of Holston with the Cherokee, 1791 (1791)Cherokee at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (1794) (1794)Cherokee near Tellico on Cherokee Ground (1798) (1798)Cherokee at Tellico Garrison on Cherokee Ground (1804) (1804)Cherokee at Tellico (1805) (1805)Cherokee at Tellico (1805) (1805)Cherokee at Washington, DC (1806) (1806)Cherokee at Washington, DC (1816) (1816)Cherokee at Washington, DC (1816) (1816)Cherokee at Chickasaw Council House (1816) (1816)Treaty with the Cherokee (Cherokee Agency), 1817 (1817)Cherokee at Washington, DC (1819) (1819)Cherokee (Western) at Washington, DC (1828) (1828)Treaty of Camp Holmes with the Comanche, Wichita and others, 1835 (1835)Treaty of New Echota with the Cherokee, 1835 (1835)Treaty of Washington (1846) with the Cherokee (1846)Reconstruction Treaty with the Cherokee, 1866 (1866)Cherokee at Washington, DC (1868) (1868)Treaty with the Cherokee, 1835-03-14 (unratified) (1835)Land takenLand of the Cherokee in Alabama and Tennessee, ceded 1819 (area 101) (1819)Land of the Cherokee in Tennessee, ceded 1819 (area 102) (1819)Land of the Cherokee in Georgia, North Carolina and Tennessee, ceded 1819 (area 103) (1819)Land of the Cherokee in Tennessee, ceded 1819 (area 104) (1819)Land of the Cherokee in Tennessee, ceded 1819 (area 105) (1819)Land of the Cherokee in Alabama, ceded 1819 (area 106) (1819)Land of the Cherokee in Tennessee, ceded 1819 (area 107) (1819)Land of the Cherokee in Tennessee, ceded 1819 (area 108) (1819)Land of the Cherokee in Tennessee, ceded 1819 (area 109) (1819)Land of the Cherokee nation west of Mississippi river in Arkansas, ceded 1828 (area 143) (1828)Land of the Cherokee in several states, ceded 1835 (area 203) (1835)Land of the Cherokee in Kentucky, North Carolina and Tennessee, ceded 1785 (area 3) (1785)Land of the Cherokee in North Carolina and Tennessee, ceded 1798 (area 42) (1798)Land of the Cherokee in Oklahoma, ceded 1893 (area 489) (1893)Land of the Cherokee in Kansas, ceded 1866 (area 490) (1866)Land of the Cherokee in Kansas, ceded 1866 (area 491) (1866)Land of the Cherokee in Georgia, ceded 1804 (area 52) (1804)Land of the Cherokee in Kentucky and Tennessee, ceded 1805 (area 57) (1805)Land of the Cherokee in Tennessee, ceded 1805 (area 58) (1805)Land of the Cherokee in Tennessee, ceded 1805 (area 59) (1805)Land of the Cherokee in Alabama and Tennessee, ceded 1806 (area 64) (1806)Land of the Cherokee in Tennessee, ceded 1806 (area 65) (1806)Land of the Cherokee in South Carolina, ceded 1816 (area 76) (1816)Land of the Cherokee in Alabama, ceded 1816 (area 79) (1816)Land of the Cherokee in North Carolina and Tennessee, ceded 1791 (area 8) (1791)Land of the Cherokee in Georgia, ceded 1817 (area 83) (1817)Land of the Cherokee in Tennessee, ceded 1817 (area 84) (1817)Land of the Cherokee in Alabama, ceded 1817 (area 85) (1817)Land of the Cherokee in Alabama, ceded 1817 (area 86) (1817)Promises brokenHopewell 1785 and Holston 1791: settler intrusion onto Cherokee land (1785)Treaty of New Echota (1835) and the Trail of Tears (1838-39) (1835)Georgia ignores Worcester v. Georgia (1832): the federal government declines to enforce (1832)Curtis Act (1898) and Oklahoma statehood (1907): Five Tribes governments dismantled and lands allotted (1898)McGirt v. Oklahoma (2020): the Muscogee (Creek) Reservation was never disestablished (1898)Oklahoma v. Castro-Huerta (2022): concurrent state jurisdiction over non-Indians in Indian country (2022)The General Allotment (Dawes) Act of 1887 and the loss of the communal land base (1887)In courtAdoptive Couple v. Baby Girl (2013)Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831)The Cherokee Tobacco (1871)Fletcher v. Peck (1810)Haaland v. Brackeen (2023)McGirt v. Oklahoma (2020)Oklahoma v. Castro-Huerta (2022)Talton v. Mayes (1896)Worcester v. Georgia (1832)

Circles are land the United States recorded as ceded, sized by acres and colored by how it was taken. Bars are treaties, broken promises, court cases and land returns.

Names

Each name shows where it comes from. A nation’s own name is shown as the nation writes it.

Official names

Land recorded as ceded

This nation carries the history of peoples named in Royce’s schedule. Their record:

Cherokee About 45 million acres recorded as ceded by the end of 1894
  • Treaty or agreement33 million
  • Treaty under documented pressure680 thousand
  • Removal treaty11 million

Estimate from Royce’s maps; overlapping cessions counted once. Not a survey or legal measure.

32 cessions. Follow Cherokee through the years on the map

Who is doing the work

Native legal and land defense, nationally

Gifts go straight to each organization; this atlas takes nothing. Listing is not endorsement: how organizations are listed.

Connections

These links were matched automatically by name or date and have not yet been reviewed by a person.

Carries the treaty history of 2

Sources

  1. fivecivilizedtribes.org/unclassified
    Five Civilized Tribes Cherokee Cherokee History ... Chickasaw Chickasaw History ... Choctaw ... Muscogee ... Seminole Seminole History
  2. cherokee.gov/about-the-nation/history/reference work
    in 1839 the Nation came together under a new Constitution, modeled on the 1827 Constitution.
  3. Indian Entities Recognized by and Eligible To Receive Services From the BIA, 91 FR 4102 (Jan. 30, 2026)primary record
    Cherokee Nation
Research notes

Name as printed in cases-seed. Distinct from other Cherokee governments.

Kind
Nation
Confidence
Medium
Nation review
Not yet reviewed by this nation

Correct this record