Nation
Haudenosaunee (Six Nations) · six nations · haudenosaunee · five nations · Haudenosaunee · Iroquois Confederacy · League of Five Nations · Six Nations · Cayuga · Mohawk · Oneida · Onondaga · Seneca · TuscaroraHaudenosaunee (Six Nations)
Not yet reviewed by this nation. What follows comes from public records and research. It does not speak for the nation.
- Region
- Northeast
In the record
The United States made 11 treaties and agreements that name Haudenosaunee (Six Nations) as a party, from Five Nations at Fort George, New York (1722) to Treaty of Buffalo Creek with the New York Indians, 1838.
C. C. Royce’s 1899 schedule records 4 cessions of land from Haudenosaunee (Six Nations) between 1784 and 1794: about 9.1 million acres by this atlas’s estimate, counting overlaps once. 2 of them came through treaties made under documented pressure. The largest was Land of the Six Nations in Pennsylvania, ceded 1784 (area 1), about 8.9 million acres, ceded under Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1784), Six Nations.
The atlas records 4 broken treaty promises involving Haudenosaunee (Six Nations): Fort Stanwix 1784: cession by Haudenosaunee delegates who lacked authority, Oneida land (New York): 1795 sale without federal approval, Canandaigua 1794 and the Kinzua Dam (1958-1965) and 1 more. 6 court cases turned on their rights: Seneca Nation (Kinzua Dam litigation), Federal Power Commission v. Tuscarora Indian Nation, Oneida Indian Nation v. County of Oneida (Oneida I) and 3 more.
Land has come back: Oneida Indian Nation reacquisition and trust applications and Six Nations Iroquois Cultural Center buys Adirondack land.
Written from the records linked here; open any of them for its sources. This is what the United States’ treaty record says, not the nation’s own account.
The record over time
Circles are land the United States recorded as ceded, sized by acres and colored by how it was taken. Bars are treaties, broken promises, court cases and land returns.
Names
Each name shows where it comes from. A nation’s own name is shown as the nation writes it.
Self-names
- HaudenosauneeHaudenosaunee languages (English orthography as used by HCCC)
Names in treaties and records
- Iroquois ConfederacyFrench-derived
- League of Five Nations
- Six Nations
Land recorded as ceded
- Treaty or agreement200 thousand
- Treaty under documented pressure9 million
Estimate from Royce’s maps; overlapping cessions counted once. Not a survey or legal measure.
4 cessions. Follow Haudenosaunee (Six Nations) through the years on the map
Who is doing the work
Working with these nations
- Oneida Indian Nation Nation government About 18,000 acres in trust (2022 est.), 25,000-acre cap under 2013 agreement
- Rematriation Native-led Indigenous women-led media, education, community advocacy Give on their site Website
- The Nature Conservancy (TNC) Allied land trust Funder/partner in several tribal land returns Website
Native legal and land defense, nationally
- Native American Rights Fund (NARF) Native-led Litigation and legal advocacy for tribal sovereignty, treaty rights, land and resources Give on their site Website
- NDN Collective (LANDBACK Campaign) Native-led LANDBACK campaign (launched 2020; Mount Rushmore closure and return of Black Hills public lands), Indigenous… Give on their site Website
- Indian Land Tenure Foundation (ILTF) Native-led Land recovery and control by tribes and individual Indian landowners Website
- Decolonizing Wealth Project (Indigenous Earth Fund; California Tribal Land Return) Native-led Reparative philanthropy Give on their site Website
Gifts go straight to each organization; this atlas takes nothing. Listing is not endorsement: how organizations are listed.
Connections
These links were matched automatically by name or date and have not yet been reviewed by a person.
Named in 12
- Fort Stanwix 1784: cession by Haudenosaunee delegates who lacked authority1784
- Oneida land (New York): 1795 sale without federal approval1795
- Canandaigua 1794 and the Kinzua Dam (1958-1965)1958
- Seneca Nation (Kinzua Dam litigation)1958
- Tuscarora and the Niagara Power Project (1960)1958
- Federal Power Commission v. Tuscarora Indian Nation1960
- Oneida Indian Nation reacquisition and trust applications1970
- Oneida Indian Nation v. County of Oneida (Oneida I)1974
- Oneida County v. Oneida Indian Nation (Oneida II)1985
- Cayuga Indian Nation of New York v. Pataki2005
- City of Sherrill v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York2005
- Six Nations Iroquois Cultural Center buys Adirondack land2022
Party to 11
- Five Nations at Fort George, New York (1722)1722
- Five Nations at Albany, New York (1726)1726
- Six Nations with Virginia and Maryland at Lancaster, Pennsylvania (1744)1744
- Six Nations at Fort Pitt (1760)1760
- Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1768), Crown boundary line1768
- Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1784), Six Nations1784
- Six Nations at Fort Harmar (1789)1789
- Five Nations Agreement at Philadelphia (1792)1792
- Six Nations at New York (1793)1793
- Treaty of Canandaigua (Pickering Treaty), 1794, Six Nations1794
- Treaty of Buffalo Creek with the New York Indians, 18381838
Includes 11
Land recorded in this nation’s name 4, as named in the 1899 record
Organizations that work with this nation 3
Governed by 1
Sources
- onondaganation.org/aboutus/unclassified
The Haudenosaunee consist of the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca, and Tuscarora nations.
- haudenosauneeconfederacy.com/who-we-are/unclassified
the confederacy is properly called the Haudenosaunee Confederacy meaning People of the long house
- sni.org/about/unclassified
The Seneca were the largest of six Native American nations which comprised the Iroquois Confederacy or Six Nations
Research notes
Label as printed in seeds (V003 and tribe-org-map). Also appears as "Six Nations" and "Iroquois" in period sources.
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