State
North Dakota
In the record
Royce’s schedule records 20 cessions that lie at least partly in North Dakota, from 1863 to 1891, under 4 treaties, agreements and acts. The peoples named most often are Sioux (as named in treaty records), Gros Ventre (Aaniiih), Mandan, Arikara, Chippewa (Ojibwe) and 6 more.
The atlas records 4 broken treaty promises here, including Garrison Dam (1946-1956): the Fort Berthold Reservation and the Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara, Oahe Dam and Pick-Sloan: Standing Rock, Cheyenne River, Lower Brule and Crow Creek and Dakota Access Pipeline and Lake Oahe (2016-2026): context, not an adjudicated treaty violation. Land has come back here: White Horse Hill returned to Spirit Lake Nation.
Written from the records linked here; open any of them for its sources.
Everything here is linked at state level only. The atlas does not look up addresses or parcels, and a cession touching a state does not tell you whose land a particular place is.
Who is doing the work
Land return and Native-led work nearby
- Native Governance Center Native-led Strengthening Native nation governance and capacity to exercise sovereignty Give on their site Website
Native legal and land defense, nationally
- Native American Rights Fund (NARF) Native-led Litigation and legal advocacy for tribal sovereignty, treaty rights, land and resources Give on their site Website
- NDN Collective (LANDBACK Campaign) Native-led LANDBACK campaign (launched 2020; Mount Rushmore closure and return of Black Hills public lands), Indigenous… Give on their site Website
- Indian Land Tenure Foundation (ILTF) Native-led Land recovery and control by tribes and individual Indian landowners Website
- Decolonizing Wealth Project (Indigenous Earth Fund; California Tribal Land Return) Native-led Reparative philanthropy Give on their site Website
Gifts go straight to each organization; this atlas takes nothing. Listing is not endorsement: how organizations are listed.
Connections
Links marked “suggested” were matched automatically by name or date and have not yet been reviewed by a person.
Contains 25
- Land of the Arikara, Gros Ventre and others in Montana and North Dakota, ceded 1880 (area 620)1851
- Land of the Arikara, Gros Ventre and others in Montana, North Dakota and Wyoming, ceded 1870 (area 529)1851
- Reservation of the Arapaho, Arikara and others in Montana and North Dakota (area 300)1851
- Reservation of the Arikara, Gros Ventre and others in North Dakota (area 621)1851
- Land of the Chippewa (Red Lake and Pembina bands) in Minnesota and North Dakota, ceded 1863 (area 445)1863
- Land of the Sioux (Wahpeton and Sisseton Bands) in North Dakota and South Dakota, ceded 1891 (area 496)1867
- Land of the Sioux, Sisseton in North Dakota and South Dakota, ceded 1872 (area 538)1867
- Reservation of the Sioux (Wahpeton and Sisseton Bands) in North Dakota (area 497)1867
- Land of the Sioux in North Dakota, recorded 1868 (area 516)1868
- Land of the Sioux in North Dakota and South Dakota, ceded 1879 (area 614)1875
- Reservation of the Sioux in North Dakota (area 581)1875
- Reservation of the Arapaho, Northern Cheyenne and others in North Dakota (area 599)1876
Show all 25
- Land of the Chippewa (Turtle Mountain band) in North Dakota, ceded 1884 (area 654)1882
- Land of the Chippewa (Turtle Mountain band) in North Dakota, recorded 1882 (area 656)1882
- Land of the Sioux in North Dakota and South Dakota, taken 1884 (area 653)1884
- Lake Traverse Reservation (Sisseton-Wahpeton) and DeCoteau v. District County Court (1975)1889suggested
- Land of the Sioux in North Dakota and South Dakota, taken 1889 (area 699)1889
- Reservation of the Sioux, Standing Rock in North Dakota and South Dakota (area 702)1889
- Land of the Gros Ventre and Mandan in North Dakota, ceded 1891 (area 712)1891
- Land of the Gros Ventre and Mandan in North Dakota, recorded 1891 (area 713)1891
- Reservation of the Fort Berthold Reservation in North Dakota (area 716)1892
- Garrison Dam (1946-1956): the Fort Berthold Reservation and the Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara1944suggested
- Oahe Dam and Pick-Sloan: Standing Rock, Cheyenne River, Lower Brule and Crow Creek1944suggested
- Dakota Access Pipeline and Lake Oahe (2016-2026): context, not an adjudicated treaty violation2016suggested
- White Horse Hill returned to Spirit Lake Nation2025suggested
Organizations working here 2
- Native Governance Centersuggested
- Spirit Lake Nationsuggested
Sources
No source is linked to this record yet. That is a gap we are working to close.
- Kind
- Place
- Confidence
- High