Land area
Reservation of the Arapaho, Northern Cheyenne and others in North Dakota (area 599)
- 1876
Set aside as a reservation
The 1899 record: “The U. S. grant tbeni an addition to the N. end of their reserve, such addition lying between 46^ and Cannon Ball river”
In the record
Added to the north end of the Sioux reserve, between the 46th parallel and the Cannon Ball River, by the September 1876 agreement; not a cession. The area covers about 403 thousand acres in what is now North Dakota.
The 1899 record names Arapaho, Northern Cheyenne and Sioux (as named in treaty records) as the people of this land.
This area was not ceded. The 1899 record shows it as a reservation the nation kept, at least until the record ends in 1894.
Today, Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes, Northern Arapaho Tribe of the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming, Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation, Montana, Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, Crow Creek Sioux Tribe, Flandreau Santee Sioux Tribe of South Dakota and 13 more carry the history of the people named here.
Written from the records linked here; open any of them for its sources.
Shapes come from C. C. Royce’s 1899 maps as georeferenced by the US Forest Service. They are approximate and are not legal descriptions of land. Royce recorded land the United States treated as ceded; the shape does not show a nation’s territory.
Who is doing the work
This history belongs to living nations. Start with them:
- Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes
- Northern Arapaho Tribe of the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming
- Oceti Sakowin (Great Sioux Nation)
- Cheyenne
Working with these nations
- Rosebud Sioux Tribe (Sicangu Oyate) Nation government Pe' Sla (1,942 acres, Nov 30, 2012)
- Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes Nation government Seeking return of about 6,700 acres at Fort Reno
- Right Relationship Boulder (Land Group) Native-led Funds tribal youth camps and gatherings, plant-gathering access, trail content with tribes, pushes for tribal… Give on their site Website
- Owamniyomni Okhodayapi (formerly Friends of the Falls) Native-led Dakota-led restoration and return of care for sacred St. Anthony Falls (Owamniyomni) site in Minneapolis, with… Give on their site Website
- Cheyenne River Youth Project (CRYP) Native-led Youth programs Website
- Thunder Valley Community Development Corporation (Lakota Land Systems) Native-led Lakota-led regenerative community development on Pine Ridge: Lakota Land Systems Give on their site Website
Land return and Native-led work nearby
- Native Governance Center Native-led Strengthening Native nation governance and capacity to exercise sovereignty Give on their site Website
Native legal and land defense, nationally
- Native American Rights Fund (NARF) Native-led Litigation and legal advocacy for tribal sovereignty, treaty rights, land and resources Give on their site Website
- NDN Collective (LANDBACK Campaign) Native-led LANDBACK campaign (launched 2020; Mount Rushmore closure and return of Black Hills public lands), Indigenous… Give on their site Website
- Indian Land Tenure Foundation (ILTF) Native-led Land recovery and control by tribes and individual Indian landowners Website
- Decolonizing Wealth Project (Indigenous Earth Fund; California Tribal Land Return) Native-led Reparative philanthropy Give on their site Website
Gifts go straight to each organization; this atlas takes nothing. Listing is not endorsement: how organizations are listed.
Connections
Links marked “suggested” were matched automatically by name or date and have not yet been reviewed by a person.
Nations named for this land 21
- Arapahoas named in the 1899 recordsuggested
- Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, Montanamatched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Cheyenne River Sioux Tribematched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Crow Creek Sioux Tribematched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Dakotamatched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Flandreau Santee Sioux Tribe of South Dakotamatched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Lower Brule Sioux Tribematched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Lower Sioux Indian Community in the State of Minnesotamatched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Northern Cheyenneas named in the 1899 recordsuggested
- Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation, Montanamatched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Oglala Sioux Tribematched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Prairie Island Indian Community in the State of Minnesotamatched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
Show all 21
- Rosebud Sioux Tribe (Sicangu Oyate)matched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Santee Sioux Nation, Nebraskamatched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community of Minnesotamatched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Sioux (as named in treaty records)as named in the 1899 recordsuggested
- Sisseton-Wahpeton Oyatematched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Spirit Lake Tribematched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Standing Rock Sioux Tribematched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Upper Sioux Community, Minnesotamatched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Yankton Sioux Tribematched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
Located in 1
Sources
The record’s fields
- Area number in the 1899 record
- 599
- Dates in the 1899 record
- 1876-09-26
- Kind of instrument
- Act of Congress
- Peoples as named in the 1899 record
- Arapaho; Northern Cheyenne; Sioux
- States
- ND
- Counties
- Adams; Hettinger
- Map sheets in the 1899 record
- Dakota 2
- Geometry
- Approximate shape from Royce’s 1899 maps
Research notes
geometry_role is 'cession' for every USFS feature: no field in the source distinguishes cessions from reservations.
- Kind
- Land area
- Confidence
- Medium