Nation

Gros Ventre (Aaniiih)

Not yet reviewed by this nation. What follows comes from public records and research. It does not speak for the nation.

Region: Plains

In the record

The United States made one treaty or agreement that names Gros Ventre (Aaniiih) as a party: Treaty of Fort Laramie (Horse Creek), 1851.

C. C. Royce’s 1899 schedule records 11 cessions of land from Gros Ventre (Aaniiih): about 42 million acres by this atlas’s estimate, counting overlaps once. 6 of them came through treaties and agreements. The largest was Reservation of the Blackfoot, Blood and others in Montana (area 565), about 20 million acres, ceded under Lame Bull Treaty (Blackfeet), 1855.

The atlas records 1 broken treaty promise involving Gros Ventre (Aaniiih): Fort Laramie 1851: Pike's Peak gold rush invades treaty territory. One court case turned on its rights: Winters v. United States.

Today, Fort Belknap Indian Community of the Fort Belknap Reservation of Montana carries this history, as their own pages or research records say.

Written from the records linked here; open any of them for its sources. This is what the United States’ treaty record says, not the nation’s own account.

Treaty or agreementAct of CongressExecutive orderShapes from the 1899 federal record: approximate, not legal boundaries.

The record over time

Circles are land the United States recorded as ceded, sized by acres and colored by how it was taken. Bars are treaties, broken promises, court cases and land returns.

Names

Each name shows where it comes from. A nation’s own name is shown as the nation writes it.

Self-names

AaniiihAaniiih (Latin)

Names in treaties and records

Gros Ventre (A'aninin)
AtsinaBlackfoot
HitounenaArapaho
A'anininAaniiih (older transcription)

Land recorded as ceded

Gros Ventre (Aaniiih) About 42 million acres recorded as ceded by the end of 1894

Treaty or agreement15 million
Act of Congress2 million
Executive order24 million

Estimate from Royce’s maps; overlapping cessions counted once. Not a survey or legal measure.

11 cessions. Follow Gros Ventre (Aaniiih) through the years on the map

Who is doing the work

This history belongs to living nations. Start with them:

Fort Belknap Indian Community of the Fort Belknap Reservation of Montana

Native legal and land defense, nationally

Native American Rights Fund (NARF) Native-led Litigation and legal advocacy for tribal sovereignty, treaty rights, land and resources Give on their site Website
NDN Collective (LANDBACK Campaign) Native-led LANDBACK campaign (launched 2020; Mount Rushmore closure and return of Black Hills public lands), Indigenous… Give on their site Website
Indian Land Tenure Foundation (ILTF) Native-led Land recovery and control by tribes and individual Indian landowners Website
Decolonizing Wealth Project (Indigenous Earth Fund; California Tribal Land Return) Native-led Reparative philanthropy Give on their site Website

Gifts go straight to each organization; this atlas takes nothing. Listing is not endorsement: how organizations are listed.

Connections

These links were matched automatically by name or date and have not yet been reviewed by a person.

Land recorded in this nation’s name 11, as named in the 1899 record

Named in 2

Party to 1

Treaty of Fort Laramie (Horse Creek), 18511851

Present-day governments that carry this history 1

Fort Belknap Indian Community of the Fort Belknap Reservation of Montana

Sources

ftbelknap.org/unclassified
Fort Belknap Indian Reservation is homeland to the Assiniboine (Nakoda) and Gros Ventre (Aaniiih) Tribes.
plainshumanities.unl.edu/encyclopedia/doc/egp.na.005.htmlreference work
Hinanaeina (Arapaho); Hitounena (Gros Ventre)
plainshumanities.unl.edu/encyclopedia/doc/egp.na.031.htmlreference work
the Gros Ventres are also known as the "Atsinas" in some ethnological sources, a Blackfoot word meaning "Belly People."

Kind: Nation
Confidence: Medium
Nation review: Not yet reviewed by this nation

Correct this record