Nation
Mandan · mandan · Nuu’etaa · NumangkakiMandan
Not yet reviewed by this nation. What follows comes from public records and research. It does not speak for the nation.
- Region
- Plains
In the record
The United States made 2 treaties and agreements that name Mandan as a party, from Mandan at Mandan Village (1825) to Treaty of Fort Laramie (Horse Creek), 1851.
C. C. Royce’s 1899 schedule records 6 cessions of land from Mandan: about 13 million acres by this atlas’s estimate, counting overlaps once. 4 of them came through treaties and agreements. The largest was Land of the Arikara, Gros Ventre and others in Montana and North Dakota, ceded 1880 (area 620), about 6.5 million acres, ceded under Treaty of Fort Laramie (Horse Creek), 1851.
The atlas records 2 broken treaty promises involving Mandan: Fort Laramie 1851: Pike's Peak gold rush invades treaty territory and Garrison Dam (1946-1956): the Fort Berthold Reservation and the Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara. One court case turned on its rights: Strate v. A-1 Contractors.
Today, Three Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold Reservation, North Dakota carries this history, as their own pages or research records say.
Written from the records linked here; open any of them for its sources. This is what the United States’ treaty record says, not the nation’s own account.
The record over time
Circles are land the United States recorded as ceded, sized by acres and colored by how it was taken. Bars are treaties, broken promises, court cases and land returns.
Names
Each name shows where it comes from. A nation’s own name is shown as the nation writes it.
Self-names
- Nuu’etaaMandan (Latin)
Names in treaties and records
- NumangkakiMandan (older transcription)
Land recorded as ceded
- Treaty or agreement11 million
- Act of Congress2 million
Estimate from Royce’s maps; overlapping cessions counted once. Not a survey or legal measure.
6 cessions. Follow Mandan through the years on the map
Who is doing the work
This history belongs to living nations. Start with them:
Native legal and land defense, nationally
- Native American Rights Fund (NARF) Native-led Litigation and legal advocacy for tribal sovereignty, treaty rights, land and resources Give on their site Website
- NDN Collective (LANDBACK Campaign) Native-led LANDBACK campaign (launched 2020; Mount Rushmore closure and return of Black Hills public lands), Indigenous… Give on their site Website
- Indian Land Tenure Foundation (ILTF) Native-led Land recovery and control by tribes and individual Indian landowners Website
- Decolonizing Wealth Project (Indigenous Earth Fund; California Tribal Land Return) Native-led Reparative philanthropy Give on their site Website
Gifts go straight to each organization; this atlas takes nothing. Listing is not endorsement: how organizations are listed.
Connections
These links were matched automatically by name or date and have not yet been reviewed by a person.
Land recorded in this nation’s name 6, as named in the 1899 record
- Land of the Arikara, Gros Ventre and others in Montana and North Dakota, ceded 1880 (area 620)1851
- Land of the Arikara, Gros Ventre and others in Montana, North Dakota and Wyoming, ceded 1870 (area 529)1851
- Reservation of the Arapaho, Arikara and others in Montana and North Dakota (area 300)1851
- Reservation of the Arikara, Gros Ventre and others in North Dakota (area 621)1851
- Land of the Gros Ventre and Mandan in North Dakota, ceded 1891 (area 712)1891
- Land of the Gros Ventre and Mandan in North Dakota, recorded 1891 (area 713)1891
Named in 3
Party to 2
Present-day governments that carry this history 1
Sources
- plainshumanities.unl.edu/encyclopedia/doc/egp.na.061.htmlreference work
referred to themselves as Numangkaki, or "People of the First Man,"
- mhanation.com/language/unclassified
The Mandan (Nuu’etaa), Hidatsa (Hiráaca), and Arikara (Sahnish) languages are the heart of our culture and identity.
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