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All treaties and agreements

Treaty

Seneca; Mixed Seneca and Shawnee; Quapaw; Confederated Peoria, Kaskaskia, Wea, and Piankashaw; Miami; Ottawa; and Wyandot at Washington, DC (1867)

An 1867 omnibus treaty let several tribes sell land, move south of Kansas or become citizens, and gave the Wyandot a new home.

Signed
February 23, 1867
Senate
Ratified
Land given up
about 98,000 acres
The land in this treaty’s record. Open on the map

What happened

On February 23, 1867, in Washington, U.S. commissioners led by Lewis V. Bogy signed a single agreement with the Senecas, Mixed Senecas and Shawnees, Quapaws, Confederated Peorias, Kaskaskias, Weas and Piankeshaws, Miamis, Ottawas and certain Wyandottes. The preamble says some members living in Kansas wanted to move to the Indian country south of the state. Others wanted to end tribal relations and become citizens. Tribes already in the Indian country had been "driven from their reservations early in the late war" and were willing to sell part of their land for relief.

The Senecas ceded a strip of 20,000 acres for $20,000. The Senecas who shared a reserve with the Shawnees ceded its north half, about 30,000 acres, for $24,000, paid to the Senecas. The Shawnees ceded about 12,000 acres at one dollar an acre, and the Quapaws ceded two tracts at set prices per acre. The Senecas agreed to separate from the Shawnees and unite with the Senecas of the 1831 treaty.

Article 13 set apart for the Wyandottes, as their future home, the land the Senecas ceded in Article 1, to be owned in common. Article 16 sold the west part of the Shawnee reservation to the Ottawas at one dollar an acre. Article 23 has the Peoria group agree to sell their Kansas allotments and move to new homes in the Indian country within two years. The sources here do not give the tribes' own accounts.

Summarized with AI assistance from 4 sources and checked against their words; not yet reviewed by historians or by the nations. Report an error

What the sources say, and how this was checked

Supported by the sources below; some details rest on one source.

  1. they having been driven from their reservations early in the late warTribal Treaties Database (Oklahoma State University): Treaty with the Seneca, Mixed Seneca and Shawnee, Quapaw, etc., 1867
  2. cede to the United States one-half of said Seneca and Shawnee reserveTribal Treaties Database (Oklahoma State University): Treaty with the Seneca, Mixed Seneca and Shawnee, Quapaw, etc., 1867
  3. The United States will set apart for the Wyandottes for their future home the land ceded by the Senecas in the first article hereofTribal Treaties Database (Oklahoma State University): Treaty with the Seneca, Mixed Seneca and Shawnee, Quapaw, etc., 1867
  4. The said Indians agree to dispose of their allotments in Kansas and remove to their new homes in the Indian countryTribal Treaties Database (Oklahoma State University): Treaty with the Seneca, Mixed Seneca and Shawnee, Quapaw, etc., 1867

Research notes. The treaty has 41 articles; this account covers the preamble and Articles 1-5, 13, 16 and 23, not the Miami, Ottawa and Peoria payment terms in full. The treaty text does not say whether the tribes' moves were freely chosen, and no tribe's own account is cited.

What the treaty did to the land

About 98,000 acres given up. Each shape is a numbered area in the federal government’s 1899 record of land cessions.

What happened next

Everything the record holds about this land and this treaty, in order: what earlier agreements said, what this one did, and what the United States, the courts and the nations did afterwards.

  1. 1832

    Land kept

    Land set aside as a reservation for the Kaskaskia, Peoria and others

    By Kaskaskia and Peoria (including Michigamea, Cahokia, and Tamaroa) at Castor Hill, Missouri (1832)

    area 328

  2. 1832

    Land kept

    Land set aside as a reservation for the Kaskaskia, Peoria and others

    By Piankashaw and Wea at Castor Hill, Missouri (1832)

    area 328

  3. 1832

    Land kept

    About 147,000 acres set aside as a reservation for the Kaskaskia, Mixed Seneka and others

    By Seneca and Shawnee at Seneca Agency, Headwaters, Cowskin River (1832)

    area 499 area 501 area 498 area 500

  4. 1832

    Land record

    About 24,000 acres named in the record

    By Seneca and Shawnee at Seneca Agency, Headwaters, Cowskin River (1832)

    area 504

  5. 1833

    Land kept

    About 98,000 acres set aside as a reservation for the Kaskaskia, Mixed Seneka and others

    By Quapaw at New Gascony, Arkansas Territory (1833)

    area 505 area 504 area 503

  6. 1854

    Land record

    Land named in the record

    By Kaskaskia, Peoria, Piankeshaw, and Wea at Washington, DC (1854)

    area 328

  7. 1867

    This treaty

    Earlier terms confirmed for the land of the Kaskaskia, Mixed Seneka and others. About 98,000 acres ceded to the United States by the Kaskaskia, Mixed Seneka and others. About 73,000 acres set aside as a reservation for the Kaskaskia, Mixed Seneka and others

    An 1867 omnibus treaty let several tribes sell land, move south of Kansas or become citizens, and gave the Wyandot a new home.

  8. 1889

    Land record

    About 98,000 acres named in the record

    The 1899 record: “Provides for allotment of lands in severalty, etc”

    area 499

Who is doing the work today

The nations connected to this treaty come first, then groups returning land and defending treaty rights. Support goes directly to them.

This history belongs to living nations. Start with them:

Working with these nations

Native legal and land defense, nationally

Gifts go straight to each organization; this atlas takes nothing. Listing is not endorsement: how organizations are listed.

Sources

  1. treaties.okstate.edu/treaties/treaty-with-the-seneca-mixed-seneca-and-shawnee-quapaw-etc-1reference work
    Treaty with the Seneca, Mixed Seneca and Shawnee, Quapaw, etc., 1867 Feb. 23, 1867. | 15 Stats., 513.

Shapes are approximate and are not legal descriptions of land, title or jurisdiction.