Land area
Land of the Creek in Oklahoma, recorded 1833 (area 487)
In the record
The area covers about 3.2 million acres in what is now Oklahoma.
The 1899 record names Muscogee (Creek) as the people of this land.
The record ties this land to 3 agreements: Creeks at Fort Gibson, Arkansas River (1833), Creeks and Seminole at Washington, DC (1856) and Reconstruction Treaty with the Creeks, 1866. Which one ceded it has not been checked yet, so the map dates it by the first.
How it was taken: a treaty or agreement. The OSU treaty text describes boundary lines acknowledged in open council and an assignment of land with payment for improvements, with no coercion described.
Today, Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town, Kialegee Tribal Town, Muscogee (Creek) Nation, Poarch Band of Creek Indians and Thlopthlocco Tribal Town carry the history of the people named here.
Written from the records linked here; open any of them for its sources.
Shapes come from C. C. Royce’s 1899 maps as georeferenced by the US Forest Service. They are approximate and are not legal descriptions of land. Royce recorded land the United States treated as ceded; the shape does not show a nation’s territory.
Who is doing the work
This history belongs to living nations. Start with them:
- Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town
- Kialegee Tribal Town
- Muscogee (Creek) Nation
- Poarch Band of Creek Indians
- Thlopthlocco Tribal Town
Land return and Native-led work nearby
- Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes Nation government Seeking return of about 6,700 acres at Fort Reno
Native legal and land defense, nationally
- Native American Rights Fund (NARF) Native-led Litigation and legal advocacy for tribal sovereignty, treaty rights, land and resources Give on their site Website
- NDN Collective (LANDBACK Campaign) Native-led LANDBACK campaign (launched 2020; Mount Rushmore closure and return of Black Hills public lands), Indigenous… Give on their site Website
- Indian Land Tenure Foundation (ILTF) Native-led Land recovery and control by tribes and individual Indian landowners Website
- Decolonizing Wealth Project (Indigenous Earth Fund; California Tribal Land Return) Native-led Reparative philanthropy Give on their site Website
Gifts go straight to each organization; this atlas takes nothing. Listing is not endorsement: how organizations are listed.
Connections
Links marked “suggested” were matched automatically by name or date and have not yet been reviewed by a person.
Agreements recorded for this land 3
- Creeks at Fort Gibson, Arkansas River (1833)1833suggested
- Creeks and Seminole at Washington, DC (1856)1856suggested
- Reconstruction Treaty with the Creeks, 18661866suggested
Nations named for this land 1, as named in the 1899 record
- Muscogee (Creek)suggested
Located in 1
Sources
- Royce, Indian Land Cessions (1899), Schedule entry dated 1833-02-14primary record
- Kappler, Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties, text for 1833-02-14primary record
- Royce, Indian Land Cessions (1899), Schedule entry dated 1856-08-07primary record
- Kappler, Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties, text for 1856-08-07primary record
- Kappler, Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties, text for 1866-06-14primary record
- Royce’s map sheet: Indian Territory 2 (Library of Congress)primary record
- USDA Forest Service, Tribal Lands Ceded to the United States (digitized Royce maps)reference work
The record’s fields
- Area number in the 1899 record
- 487
- Dates in the 1899 record
- 1833-02-14; 1856-08-07; 1866-06-14
- Kind of instrument
- Treaty or agreement
- Peoples as named in the 1899 record
- Creek
- States
- OK
- Counties
- Creek; Hughes; Mayes; McIntosh; Muskogee; Okfuskee; Okmulgee; Rogers; Seminole; Tulsa; Wagoner
- Map sheets in the 1899 record
- Indian Territory 2
- Geometry
- Approximate shape from Royce’s 1899 maps
Research notes
geometry_role is 'cession' for every USFS feature: no field in the source distinguishes cessions from reservations.
- Kind
- Land area
- Confidence
- Medium