Chippewa, Ottawa, and Potawatomi at Agency on the Missouri River near Council Bluffs and at Potawatomi Creek near the Osage River (second date 1846-06-17) (1846)

What happened

This treaty was concluded at the agency on the Missouri River near Council Bluffs on June 5, 1846, and at Pottawatomie Creek near the Osage River on June 17. T. P. Andrews, Thomas H. Harvey and Gideon C. Matlock signed for the United States. The other parties were the various bands of the Pottowautomie, Chippewas and Ottowas. The preamble says the bands had signed separate treaties since 1828, were located in different countries, and wished to unite again as one people, the Pottowautomie Nation.

In Article 2 they sold and ceded to the United States all the lands they claimed north of the Missouri River in Iowa Territory and on or near the Osage River. This did not affect earlier grants and reservations. In Article 3 the United States agreed to pay $850,000. In Article 4 it agreed to grant them 576,000 acres, thirty miles square, on both sides of the Kansas River, the eastern part of the land the Kansa tribe had ceded in January 1846. They were to pay the United States $87,000 for it out of the $850,000.

Article 5 paid $50,000 to settle affairs and debts before leaving. In Article 6 they agreed to remove to their new homes on the Kansas River within two years of ratification, with $30,000 set apart to pay removal expenses and $40,000 for a year of subsistence. Article 7 left the balance in trust at five per cent interest for thirty years. The treaty was proclaimed on July 23, 1846.

Good to know. Sources list both June 5 and June 17, 1846; June 5 is treated as the signing date.

Summarized with AI assistance from 3 sources and checked against their words; not yet reviewed by historians or by the nations. Report an error