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Treaty

Potawatomi (Bands of Okahmans [Okahmaus], Keewawnay, Neeboash, and Matchislaw) at Indian Agency, Indiana (1836)

In April 1836 four Potawatomi bands ceded ten reserved sections for $6,400 and agreed to move west of the Mississippi within two years.

Signed
April 22, 1836
Senate
Ratified
The land in this treaty’s record. Open on the map

What happened

On April 22, 1836, Abel C. Pepper, commissioner for the United States, signed a treaty at the Indian Agency in Indiana. The other parties were O-kah-mause, Kee-waw-nay, Nee-boash and Mat-chis-jaw, chiefs and head men of the Potawatomi (spelled Patawattimie in the text), and their bands.

In Article 1 they ceded ten sections of land reserved for them by the second article of the October 26, 1832 treaty with the Potawatomi on the Tippecanoe River. The treaty states no acreage. Article 2 has the United States pay $6,400 at the first annuity payment after ratification. Article 5 has it cover the necessary expenses of making the treaty.

In Article 3 the chiefs, head men and their bands agreed to remove to the country west of the Mississippi River provided for the Potawatomi nation by the United States, within two years. The Senate struck out Article 4, whose text the page does not show. The treaty was proclaimed on May 25, 1836. The treaty text does not describe how the negotiation went, and the sources used here do not say what happened to the bands afterward.

Summarized with AI assistance from 3 sources and checked against their words; not yet reviewed by historians or by the nations. Report an error

What the sources say, and how this was checked

Well supported by the sources below.

  1. agree to remove to the country west of the Mississippi river, provided forthe Patawattimie nation by the United States, within two yearsTreaty with the Potawatomi, 1836 (OSU Tribal Treaties Database)
  2. the sum of six thousand four hundred dollars, at the first payment of annuityTreaty with the Potawatomi, 1836 (OSU Tribal Treaties Database)
  3. the sum of six thousand four hundred dollarsTreaty with the Potawatomi, 7 Stat. 500 (govinfo)

Research notes. Acreage not stated (ten sections). Article 4 was struck out by the Senate and is not shown.

What the treaty did to the land

Each shape is a numbered area in the federal government’s 1899 record of land cessions.

What happened next

Everything the record holds about this land and this treaty, in order: what earlier agreements said, what this one did, and what the United States, the courts and the nations did afterwards.

  1. 1832

    Land kept

    Land set aside as a reservation for the Potawatomi (bands of Nas-waw-kee and Quash-quaw)

    By Potawatomi (Wabash and Elkhart Bands) at Tippecanoe River, Indiana (1832)

    area 210

  2. 1836

    Land lost

    Land ceded to the United States by the Potawatomi (bands of Nas-waw-kee and Quash-quaw)

    By Potawatomi (Naswawkee's and Quashquaw's Bands) at Indian Agency, Indiana (1836)

    area 210

  3. 1836

    This treaty

    Signed

    In April 1836 four Potawatomi bands ceded ten reserved sections for $6,400 and agreed to move west of the Mississippi within two years.

Who is doing the work today

The nations connected to this treaty come first, then groups returning land and defending treaty rights. Support goes directly to them.

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Working with these nations

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Sources

  1. treaties.okstate.edu/treaties/treaty-with-the-potawatomi-1836-0458reference work
    Treaty with the Potawatomi, 1836 Apr. 22, 1836. | 7 Stat., 500.

Shapes are approximate and are not legal descriptions of land, title or jurisdiction.