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Treaty

Kickapoo at St. Louis (1820)

A 1820 supplement to the Edwardsville treaty rewrote Article 6, restating the Missouri Territory land given to the Kickapoo in exchange for their cession.

Signed
July 19, 1820
Senate
Ratified
Land set aside for the nations
about 1.9 million acres
The land in this treaty’s record. Open on the map

What happened

On July 19, 1820, Auguste Chouteau and Benjamin Stephenson signed a treaty at St. Louis with chiefs and warriors of the Kickapoo. It was "supplementary to, and amendatory of" the treaty made at Edwardsville on July 30, 1819.

The treaty has one article. It replaces the sixth article of the Edwardsville treaty with new wording. Under that wording, the United States gave the Kickapoo a tract in the territory of Missouri in exchange for the land they ceded in the first article of the 1819 treaty. The United States also paid "three thousand dollars worth of merchandise" that day.

The tract begins where the Pomme de Terre and Osage rivers meet. It follows the Pomme de Terre up to the ridge that divides the waters of the Osage and White rivers, then runs west along that ridge to the Osage line. From there it goes north along that line to Nerve Creek, and on to the Osage River. The text says the Kickapoo were to hold it "in like manner" as they had held the lands they ceded.

The Statutes at Large record a proclamation on January 13, 1821. The text does not give the tract's acreage.

Summarized with AI assistance from 3 sources and checked against their words; not yet reviewed by historians or by the nations. Report an error

What the sources say, and how this was checked

Well supported by the sources below.

  1. supplementary to, and amendatory of, the Treaty made and concluded at EdwardsvilleTribal Treaties Database (OSU)
  2. Made and concluded by, and between, Auguste Chouteau andStatutes at Large, vol. 7 (GovInfo)
  3. Proclamation, Jan. 13, 1821Tribal Treaties Database (OSU)

Research notes. Acreage is not stated. This story describes only what the 1820 amendment says; the 1819 Edwardsville treaty has its own entry.

What the treaty did to the land

About 1.9 million acres recognized, kept or set aside for the nations. Each shape is a numbered area in the federal government’s 1899 record of land cessions.

What happened next

Everything the record holds about this land and this treaty, in order: what earlier agreements said, what this one did, and what the United States, the courts and the nations did afterwards.

  1. 1819

    Land kept

    About 1.9 million acres set aside as a reservation for the Kickapoo

    By Kickapoo at Edwardsville, Illinois (1819)

    area 179

  2. 1820

    This treaty

    About 1.9 million acres set aside as a reservation for the Kickapoo

    A 1820 supplement to the Edwardsville treaty rewrote Article 6, restating the Missouri Territory land given to the Kickapoo in exchange for their cession.

  3. 1832

    Land lost

    About 1.9 million acres ceded to the United States by the Kickapoo

    By Kickapoo at Castor Hill, St. Louis County, Missouri (1832)

    area 179

Who is doing the work today

The nations connected to this treaty come first, then groups returning land and defending treaty rights. Support goes directly to them.

This history belongs to living nations. Start with them:

Native legal and land defense, nationally

Gifts go straight to each organization; this atlas takes nothing. Listing is not endorsement: how organizations are listed.

Sources

  1. treaties.okstate.edu/treaties/treaty-with-the-kickapoo-1820-0189reference work
    July 19, 1820. | 7 Stat., 208. / scan: 190 TREATY WITH THE WEA, 1820.

Shapes are approximate and are not legal descriptions of land, title or jurisdiction.