Nez Perce (Nimiipuu)

In the record

The United States made 4 treaties and agreements that name Nez Perce (Nimiipuu) as a party, from Nez Perce Treaty of 1855 to Nez Perce Treaty (1868 amendatory), last ratified treaty.

C. C. Royce’s 1899 schedule records 9 cessions of land from Nez Perce (Nimiipuu) between 1851 and 1894: about 29 million acres by this atlas’s estimate, counting overlaps once. 3 of them came through treaties made under documented pressure. The largest was Land of the Nez Percè, Blackfoot and Flathead Nations in Montana, recorded 1851 (area 399), about 11 million acres, tied in the record to Treaty of Fort Laramie (Horse Creek), 1851.

The atlas records 1 broken treaty promise involving Nez Perce (Nimiipuu): Nez Perce: the 1855 reservation, the 1863 'thief treaty,' and 1877. One court case turned on its rights: Sohappy v. Smith (Belloni decision).

Today, Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation and Nez Perce Tribe carry this history, as their own pages or research records say.

Written from the records linked here; open any of them for its sources. This is what the United States’ treaty record says, not the nation’s own account.