Nation
Caddo · caddo · Caddo Nation of Oklahoma · Hasinai · Kadohadacho · NatchitochesCaddo
Not yet reviewed by this nation. What follows comes from public records and research. It does not speak for the nation.
- Region
- Plains
In the record
The United States made 2 treaties and agreements that name Caddo as a party, from Caddo at Agency House, Caddo Nation, Louisiana (1835) to Comanche, Aionai (Hainai), Anadarko, Caddo, Lipan, Longwha (Tonkawa), Keechy (Kichai), Tahwacarro (Tawakoni), Wichita, and Waco at Council Springs, Robinson County, Texas, near the Brazos River (1846).
C. C. Royce’s 1899 schedule records 1 cession of land from Caddo in 1835: about 980 thousand acres by this atlas’s estimate, counting overlaps once. It came through removal treaties.
Today, Caddo Nation of Oklahoma carries this history, as their own pages or research records say.
Written from the records linked here; open any of them for its sources. This is what the United States’ treaty record says, not the nation’s own account.
The record over time
Circles are land the United States recorded as ceded, sized by acres and colored by how it was taken. Bars are treaties, broken promises, court cases and land returns.
Names
Each name shows where it comes from. A nation’s own name is shown as the nation writes it.
Official names
Peoples within this name
- HasinaiEnglish/Caddo
- KadohadachoEnglish/Caddo
- NatchitochesEnglish/Caddo
Land recorded as ceded
- Removal treaty980 thousand
Estimate from Royce’s maps; overlapping cessions counted once. Not a survey or legal measure.
1 cession. Follow Caddo through the years on the map
Who is doing the work
This history belongs to living nations. Start with them:
Native legal and land defense, nationally
- Native American Rights Fund (NARF) Native-led Litigation and legal advocacy for tribal sovereignty, treaty rights, land and resources Give on their site Website
- NDN Collective (LANDBACK Campaign) Native-led LANDBACK campaign (launched 2020; Mount Rushmore closure and return of Black Hills public lands), Indigenous… Give on their site Website
- Indian Land Tenure Foundation (ILTF) Native-led Land recovery and control by tribes and individual Indian landowners Website
- Decolonizing Wealth Project (Indigenous Earth Fund; California Tribal Land Return) Native-led Reparative philanthropy Give on their site Website
Gifts go straight to each organization; this atlas takes nothing. Listing is not endorsement: how organizations are listed.
Connections
These links were matched automatically by name or date and have not yet been reviewed by a person.
Party to 2
Land recorded in this nation’s name 1, as named in the 1899 record
Present-day governments that carry this history 1
Sources
- mycaddonation.com/history-1unclassified
The Kadohadacho, Natchitoches, and Hasinai confederacies and all the bands within them consolidated geographically
- govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2026-01-30/html/2026-01899.htmprimary record
Caddo Nation of Oklahoma
Research notes
Name as printed in NARA parties text (TLA-T-197).
- Kind
- Nation
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- Nation review
- Not yet reviewed by this nation