Land area
Land of the Caddo in Arkansas and Louisiana, ceded 1835 (area 202)
- 1835
Ceded to the United States
In the record
Ceded by the Caddo to the United States in 1835, their lands in Louisiana and Arkansas. The area covers about 977 thousand acres in what is now Arkansas and Louisiana.
The 1899 record names Caddo as the people of this land.
How it was taken: a removal treaty. Article II of the treaty text requires the Caddo to remove out of the boundaries of the United States within one year.
Today, Caddo Nation of Oklahoma carries the history of the people named here.
Written from the records linked here; open any of them for its sources.
Shapes come from C. C. Royce’s 1899 maps as georeferenced by the US Forest Service. They are approximate and are not legal descriptions of land. Royce recorded land the United States treated as ceded; the shape does not show a nation’s territory.
Who is doing the work
Land return and Native-led work nearby
- United Houma Nation Nation government Tribal services and programs, tribal properties and renovations, tribal self-determination Give on their site Website
- Lowlander Center (allied) Allied land trust Place-based adaptation and community-led relocation/rebuilding with tribal partners (Pointe-au-Chien rebuild) Give on their site Website
Native legal and land defense, nationally
- Native American Rights Fund (NARF) Native-led Litigation and legal advocacy for tribal sovereignty, treaty rights, land and resources Give on their site Website
- NDN Collective (LANDBACK Campaign) Native-led LANDBACK campaign (launched 2020; Mount Rushmore closure and return of Black Hills public lands), Indigenous… Give on their site Website
- Indian Land Tenure Foundation (ILTF) Native-led Land recovery and control by tribes and individual Indian landowners Website
- Decolonizing Wealth Project (Indigenous Earth Fund; California Tribal Land Return) Native-led Reparative philanthropy Give on their site Website
Gifts go straight to each organization; this atlas takes nothing. Listing is not endorsement: how organizations are listed.
Connections
Links marked “suggested” were matched automatically by name or date and have not yet been reviewed by a person.
Nations named for this land 2
- Caddoas named in the 1899 recordsuggested
- Caddo Nation of Oklahomamatched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
Located in 2
Agreements recorded for this land 1
Sources
- Royce, Indian Land Cessions (1899), Schedule entry dated 1835-07-01primary record
- Kappler, Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties, text for 1835-07-01primary record
- Royce’s map sheet: Arkansas 1 (Library of Congress)primary record
- Royce’s map sheet: Louisiana (Library of Congress)primary record
- USDA Forest Service, Tribal Lands Ceded to the United States (digitized Royce maps)reference work
The record’s fields
- Area number in the 1899 record
- 202
- Dates in the 1899 record
- 1835-07-01
- Kind of instrument
- Treaty or agreement
- Peoples as named in the 1899 record
- Caddo
- States
- AR; LA
- Counties
- Caddo; Miller
- Map sheets in the 1899 record
- Arkansas 1; Louisiana
- Geometry
- Approximate shape from Royce’s 1899 maps
Research notes
geometry_role is 'cession' for every USFS feature: no field in the source distinguishes cessions from reservations.
- Kind
- Land area
- Confidence
- Medium