Nation

Oto

Not yet reviewed by this nation. What follows comes from public records and research. It does not speak for the nation.

Region: Plains

In the record

The United States made 7 treaties and agreements that name Oto as a party, from Oto at St. Louis (1817) to Confederated Oto and Missouri at Nebraska City, Nebraska Territory (1854).

C. C. Royce’s 1899 schedule records 11 cessions of land from Oto: about 19 million acres by this atlas’s estimate, counting overlaps once. 6 of them came through treaties made under documented pressure. The largest was Land of the Iowa, Medewakanton and others in Iowa, Minnesota and Missouri, ceded 1830 (area 151), about 11 million acres, ceded under Treaty of Prairie du Chien (1830), Sauk, Fox, Sioux, Omaha, Iowa, Oto, Missouri.

Today, Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma carries this history, as their own pages or research records say.

Written from the records linked here; open any of them for its sources. This is what the United States’ treaty record says, not the nation’s own account.

Treaty or agreementTreaty under documented pressureAct of CongressShapes from the 1899 federal record: approximate, not legal boundaries.

The record over time

Circles are land the United States recorded as ceded, sized by acres and colored by how it was taken. Bars are treaties, broken promises, court cases and land returns.

Names

Each name shows where it comes from. A nation’s own name is shown as the nation writes it.

Self-names

JiwereJiwere (Otoe)
Jíwere-Nut’achiJiwere-Nut'achi (accented)

Other names in English

Otoe

Peoples within this name

NutachiJiwere (Missouria)

Land recorded as ceded

Oto About 19 million acres recorded as ceded by the end of 1894

Treaty or agreement3 million
Treaty under documented pressure16 million

Estimate from Royce’s maps; overlapping cessions counted once. Not a survey or legal measure.

11 cessions. Follow Oto through the years on the map

Who is doing the work

This history belongs to living nations. Start with them:

Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma

Native legal and land defense, nationally

Native American Rights Fund (NARF) Native-led Litigation and legal advocacy for tribal sovereignty, treaty rights, land and resources Give on their site Website
NDN Collective (LANDBACK Campaign) Native-led LANDBACK campaign (launched 2020; Mount Rushmore closure and return of Black Hills public lands), Indigenous… Give on their site Website
Indian Land Tenure Foundation (ILTF) Native-led Land recovery and control by tribes and individual Indian landowners Website
Decolonizing Wealth Project (Indigenous Earth Fund; California Tribal Land Return) Native-led Reparative philanthropy Give on their site Website

Gifts go straight to each organization; this atlas takes nothing. Listing is not endorsement: how organizations are listed.

Connections

These links were matched automatically by name or date and have not yet been reviewed by a person.

Land recorded in this nation’s name 11, as named in the 1899 record

Party to 7

Present-day governments that carry this history 1

Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma

Sources

omtribe.org/unclassified
Jiwere-Nut’achi language learners showcased their knowledge
plainshumanities.unl.edu/encyclopedia/doc/egp.na.079.htmlreference work
The Otoe-Missourias were two separate peoples until they amalgamated in the last years of the eighteenth century.
omtribe.org/who-we-are/history/unclassified
The Otoes also call themselves Jiwere (jee-WEH-ray)

Kind: Nation
Confidence: Medium
Nation review: Not yet reviewed by this nation

Correct this record