Nation

Crow (Apsáalooke)

Not yet reviewed by this nation. What follows comes from public records and research. It does not speak for the nation.

Region: Plains

In the record

The United States made 3 treaties and agreements that name Crow (Apsáalooke) as a party, from Crow at Mandan Village (1825) to Treaty with the Crow, 1868.

C. C. Royce’s 1899 schedule records 12 cessions of land from Crow (Apsáalooke): about 50 million acres by this atlas’s estimate, counting overlaps once. 6 of them came through treaties and agreements. The largest was Land of the Crow in Montana and Wyoming, ceded 1868 (area 517), about 30 million acres, ceded under Treaty with the Crow, 1868.

The atlas records 2 broken treaty promises involving Crow (Apsáalooke): Fort Laramie 1851: Pike's Peak gold rush invades treaty territory and Crow Tribe and Herrera v. Wyoming (2019): treaty hunting right survives statehood. 3 court cases turned on their rights: Montana v. United States, Herrera v. Wyoming and United States v. Cooley.

Today, Crow Tribe of Montana carries this history, as their own pages or research records say.

Written from the records linked here; open any of them for its sources. This is what the United States’ treaty record says, not the nation’s own account.

Treaty or agreementAct of CongressExecutive orderShapes from the 1899 federal record: approximate, not legal boundaries.

The record over time

Circles are land the United States recorded as ceded, sized by acres and colored by how it was taken. Bars are treaties, broken promises, court cases and land returns.

Names

Each name shows where it comes from. A nation’s own name is shown as the nation writes it.

Self-names

ApsáalookeCrow (Apsáalooke) with acute accent

Official names

Crow Tribe of Montana

Names in treaties and records

Crow (Apsaalooke)
AbsarokaEnglish rendering

Land recorded as ceded

Crow (Apsáalooke) About 50 million acres recorded as ceded by the end of 1894

Treaty or agreement41 million
Executive order9 million

Estimate from Royce’s maps; overlapping cessions counted once. Not a survey or legal measure.

12 cessions. Follow Crow (Apsáalooke) through the years on the map

Who is doing the work

This history belongs to living nations. Start with them:

Crow Tribe of Montana

Native legal and land defense, nationally

Native American Rights Fund (NARF) Native-led Litigation and legal advocacy for tribal sovereignty, treaty rights, land and resources Give on their site Website
NDN Collective (LANDBACK Campaign) Native-led LANDBACK campaign (launched 2020; Mount Rushmore closure and return of Black Hills public lands), Indigenous… Give on their site Website
Indian Land Tenure Foundation (ILTF) Native-led Land recovery and control by tribes and individual Indian landowners Website
Decolonizing Wealth Project (Indigenous Earth Fund; California Tribal Land Return) Native-led Reparative philanthropy Give on their site Website

Gifts go straight to each organization; this atlas takes nothing. Listing is not endorsement: how organizations are listed.

Connections

These links were matched automatically by name or date and have not yet been reviewed by a person.

Land recorded in this nation’s name 12, as named in the 1899 record

Named in 5

Party to 3

Present-day governments that carry this history 1

Crow Tribe of Montana

Sources

plainshumanities.unl.edu/encyclopedia/doc/egp.na.024.htmlreference work
The Crow people traditionally call themselves Apsaalooke or Absaroka
tribalnations.mt.gov/Directory/CrowNationreference work
The tribe is originally called "Apsáalooke," which means "children of the large-beaked bird."
govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2026-01-30/html/2026-01899.htmprimary record
Crow Tribe of Montana

Research notes

Endonym as printed in V034.

Kind: Nation
Confidence: Medium
Nation review: Not yet reviewed by this nation

Correct this record