Land area
Reservation of the Chippewa of Michigan and Ottawa of Michigan in Michigan (area 393)
- 1855
Set aside as a reservation
By Treaty of Detroit (1855) with the Ottawa and Chippewa of Michigan
In the record
Set aside for Ottawa and Chippewa bands of Michigan from unsold public lands by the 1855 Treaty of Detroit; not a cession. It was later divided into allotments, and the leftover land returned to the public domain. The area covers about 43 thousand acres in what is now Michigan.
The 1899 record names Chippewa (Ojibwe) and Ottawa as the people of this land.
This area was not ceded. The 1899 record shows it as a reservation the nation kept, at least until the record ends in 1894.
Today, Bad River Band of the Lake Superior Tribe of Chippewa Indians of the Bad River Reservation, Wisconsin, Bay Mills Indian Community, Chippewa Cree Indians of the Rocky Boy's Reservation, Montana, Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians, Michigan, Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin, Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa and 16 more carry the history of the people named here.
Written from the records linked here; open any of them for its sources.
Shapes come from C. C. Royce’s 1899 maps as georeferenced by the US Forest Service. They are approximate and are not legal descriptions of land. Royce recorded land the United States treated as ceded; the shape does not show a nation’s territory.
Who is doing the work
This history belongs to living nations. Start with them:
- Bad River Band of the Lake Superior Tribe of Chippewa Indians of the Bad River Reservation, Wisconsin
- Bay Mills Indian Community
- Chippewa Cree Indians of the Rocky Boy's Reservation, Montana
- Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin
- Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa
- Lac Vieux Desert Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians of Michigan
- Little Shell Tribe of Chippewa Indians of Montana
- Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe
Working with these nations
- Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission (GLIFWC) Nation government Ojibwe treaty rights in ceded territories, natural resource stewardship, manoomin, and a Land Conservancy program… Give on their site Website
- Honor the Earth Native-led Pipeline resistance, sovereignty, energy justice Give on their site Website
- White Earth Land Recovery Project (WELRP) Native-led Recover the original White Earth reservation land base Give on their site Website
- Native Land Conservancy (Massachusetts) Native-led Native-led land conservation Give on their site Website
Native legal and land defense, nationally
- Native American Rights Fund (NARF) Native-led Litigation and legal advocacy for tribal sovereignty, treaty rights, land and resources Give on their site Website
- NDN Collective (LANDBACK Campaign) Native-led LANDBACK campaign (launched 2020; Mount Rushmore closure and return of Black Hills public lands), Indigenous… Give on their site Website
- Indian Land Tenure Foundation (ILTF) Native-led Land recovery and control by tribes and individual Indian landowners Website
- Decolonizing Wealth Project (Indigenous Earth Fund; California Tribal Land Return) Native-led Reparative philanthropy Give on their site Website
Gifts go straight to each organization; this atlas takes nothing. Listing is not endorsement: how organizations are listed.
Connections
Links marked “suggested” were matched automatically by name or date and have not yet been reviewed by a person.
Nations named for this land 5
- Chippewa (Ojibwe)matched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians, Michiganmatched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Little River Band of Ottawa Indians, Michiganmatched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
- Ottawaas named in the 1899 recordsuggested
- Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe of Michiganmatched by the Forest Service, under reviewsuggested
Agreements recorded for this land 1
Located in 1
Sources
- Royce, Indian Land Cessions (1899), Schedule entry dated 1855-07-31primary record
- Kappler, Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties, text for 1855-07-31primary record
- Royce’s map sheet: Michigan (region about Mackinac and Detroit) (Library of Congress)primary record
- USDA Forest Service, Tribal Lands Ceded to the United States (digitized Royce maps)reference work
The record’s fields
- Area number in the 1899 record
- 393
- Dates in the 1899 record
- 1855-07-31
- Kind of instrument
- Treaty or agreement
- Peoples as named in the 1899 record
- Chippewa of Michigan; Ottawa of Michigan
- States
- MI
- Counties
- Cheboygan
- Map sheets in the 1899 record
- Michigan (region about Mackinac and Detroit)
- Geometry
- Approximate shape from Royce’s 1899 maps
Research notes
geometry_role is 'cession' for every USFS feature: no field in the source distinguishes cessions from reservations.
- Kind
- Land area
- Confidence
- Medium